Definition
Vaginal bleeding in pregnancy is bleeding coming through the vagina during pregnancy, for any reason.
Alternative Names
Pregnancy - vaginal bleeding; Maternal blood loss
Considerations
Up to 10% of women have vaginal bleeding at some time during their pregnancy, especially in the first 3 months (first trimester). Bleeding is even more common with twins.
To help prevent a miscarriage or other problems during pregnancy:
Avoid smoking and using drugs of any kind, including alcohol.
Eat a well-balanced diet.
Get regular medical checkups.
Common Causes
During the first 3 months, vaginal bleeding may be a sign of a miscarriage. See the doctor right away. During months 4 - 9 bleeding may be a sign of:
Abruptio placentae
Miscarriage
Placenta previa
Other possible causes of vaginal bleeding during pregnancy:
Early labor (bloody show)
Ectopic pregnancy
Infection of the cervix
Trauma to the cervix from intercourse (small amount of bleeding)
Other diseases and medications can cause bleeding during pregnancy. The causes may differ depending on your age.
Characteristics of the bleeding can indicate its causes. These include:
Length of bleeding
Quality (light or heavy bleeding, with or without pain)
What makes the bleeding better
What makes the bleeding worse
Home Care
Avoid sexual intercourse until you know the cause of the bleeding. Drink only fluids if the bleeding and cramping are severe.
If a miscarriage occurs, expect a small amount of vaginal bleeding for up to 10 days. Avoid using tampons for 2 to 4 weeks.
Medication is usually not necessary -- don't take any medication without talking to your doctor.
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